The cat runs into the screen, which collapses to reveal some kind of horrible creature.

The cat runs toward the camera and out of the scene. The creature clatters its feet into and out of the foreground.

It turns not to be a hideous monster. It is a design on a parasol held by a Chinese maiden.

The cartoon is Walt Disney’s 1931 Silly Symphony The China Plate.
This is a pleasant cartoon with decorative backgrounds and an actual storyline, opening and closing with a shot of the aforementioned plate. There’s a scene of comic relief involving a fisherman and a duck and, later, a rickshaw driver. There’s no dialogue, but a score sets the mood.
As usual, the only credit goes to Walter E. Disney.